Passwords are now required to access your library account. To create a password, select "Reset my Password" from the Login screen (email address required).

For further assistance, please contact the library.

21st birthday
(Book)

Book Cover
Contributors:
NoveList Series:
Series:
Published:
New York : Little, Brown and Company, 2021.
Format:
Book
Edition:
First edition.
Physical Desc:
408 pages ; 25 cm.
Status:

Description

SFPD Sergeant Lindsay Boxer has sworn to defend against all enemies, foreign and domestic. As Lindsay prepares to celebrate her own daughter's birthday, she clashes with rising Chief Charlie Clapper over a family case. When a distraught mother pleads with Chronicle reporter Cindy Thomas to investigate the disappearance of her daughter, Tara, and baby granddaughter, Lorrie, Cindy immediately loops in SFPD. But Tara's schoolteacher husband, Lucas Burke, tells a conflicting story that paints Tara as a wayward wife, not a missing person. And there's reason to believe he may be telling the truth. While M.E. Claire Washburn harbors theories that run counter to the police investigation of the Burke case, ADA Yuki Castellano sizes Lucas up as a textbook domestic offender -- until he puts forward a theory of his own that unexpectedly connects the dots on a constellation of copycat killings. If what Lucas tells law enforcement has even a grain of truth, there isn't a woman in the state of California who's safe from the reach of such an unspeakable threat.

Also in This Series

Copies

Location
Call Number
Status
Last Check-In
Basalt Fiction
F PAT
On Shelf
Jul 17, 2024
Bemis Fiction
FICTION PATTERSO
On Shelf
Aug 12, 2024
Buena Vista Adult Fic
FIC Pat
On Shelf
Nov 12, 2024
Crested Butte Fiction
Patterson
On Shelf
Apr 8, 2024
DC Cedaredge Adult Fiction
F PATTERSON
On Shelf
Apr 30, 2024
DC Crawford Adult Fiction
F PATTERSON
On Shelf
Sep 14, 2021
DC Delta Adult Fiction
F PATTERSON
On Shelf
Nov 12, 2024
DC Paonia Adult Fiction
F PATTERSON
On Shelf
May 22, 2024
EVLD Avon Public Library
FIC PAT
On Shelf
Sep 18, 2024
EVLD Eagle Public Library
FIC PAT
On Shelf
Oct 4, 2024
EVLD Gypsum Branch
FIC PAT
On Shelf
Apr 12, 2023
GCP Glenwd Fiction
FIC PAT TWE
On Shelf
Jan 15, 2024
GCP NewCas Fiction
FIC PAT TWE
On Shelf
Sep 23, 2022
GCP Silt Fiction
FIC PAT TWE
On Shelf
Oct 17, 2024
GRC Granby Adult Fiction
FIC PAT WOM # 21
On Shelf
Sep 5, 2023
GRC Kremmling Adult Fict.
FIC PAT
On Shelf
May 29, 2024
Gunnison Fiction
Patterson
On Shelf
Aug 19, 2024
MCPLD Central Fiction
Mystery PATTERSO James
On Shelf
Oct 25, 2024
MCPLD Collbran Adult
Mystery PATTERSO James
On Shelf
Jun 21, 2024
MCPLD Fruita Adult
Mystery PATTERSO James
On Shelf
Apr 10, 2024
MCPLD Orchard Mesa Adult
Mystery PATTERSO James
On Shelf
Jul 25, 2024
MCPLD Palisade Adult
Mystery PATTERSO James
On Shelf
Jul 3, 2024
MRLD Montrose Fiction
Pat
On Shelf
Jun 1, 2024
MRLD Naturita Fiction
Pat
On Shelf
Feb 9, 2024
Pine River Adult Fiction
F Patterson
On Shelf
Nov 19, 2024
Pitkin County Library
FICTION P3174wm 21
On Shelf
Nov 30, 2022
SRL Adult Fiction
FIC PAT
On Shelf
Sep 16, 2023
SSCL Bud Adult Fiction
FIC PATTERSON
On Shelf
Mar 14, 2024
Summit-Breck Fiction
PAT
Due Dec 3, 2024
Summit-Frisco Fiction
PAT
On Shelf
Jul 3, 2024
Summit-Silver Fiction
PAT
On Shelf
Jul 6, 2024
TELL WPL Adult Fiction
FIC PATTERSON
On Shelf
Jan 19, 2024
Vail Public Library Fiction Books
FIC PAT
On Shelf
Aug 30, 2024

Citations

APA Citation (style guide)

Patterson, J., & Paetro, M. (2021). 21st birthday. First edition. New York, Little, Brown and Company.

Chicago / Turabian - Author Date Citation (style guide)

Patterson, James, 1947- and Maxine, Paetro. 2021. 21st Birthday. New York, Little, Brown and Company.

Chicago / Turabian - Humanities Citation (style guide)

Patterson, James, 1947- and Maxine, Paetro, 21st Birthday. New York, Little, Brown and Company, 2021.

MLA Citation (style guide)

Patterson, James and Maxine Paetro. 21st Birthday. First edition. New York, Little, Brown and Company, 2021.

Note! Citation formats are based on standards as of July 2022. Citations contain only title, author, edition, publisher, and year published. Citations should be used as a guideline and should be double checked for accuracy.

More Like This

Other Editions and Formats

More Copies In Prospector

Loading Prospector Copies...

More Details

Language:
English
ISBN:
9780316499347, 031649934X

Notes

General Note
Sequel to: The 20th victim.
Description
SFPD Sergeant Lindsay Boxer has sworn to defend against all enemies, foreign and domestic. As Lindsay prepares to celebrate her own daughter's birthday, she clashes with rising Chief Charlie Clapper over a family case. When a distraught mother pleads with Chronicle reporter Cindy Thomas to investigate the disappearance of her daughter, Tara, and baby granddaughter, Lorrie, Cindy immediately loops in SFPD. But Tara's schoolteacher husband, Lucas Burke, tells a conflicting story that paints Tara as a wayward wife, not a missing person. And there's reason to believe he may be telling the truth. While M.E. Claire Washburn harbors theories that run counter to the police investigation of the Burke case, ADA Yuki Castellano sizes Lucas up as a textbook domestic offender -- until he puts forward a theory of his own that unexpectedly connects the dots on a constellation of copycat killings. If what Lucas tells law enforcement has even a grain of truth, there isn't a woman in the state of California who's safe from the reach of such an unspeakable threat.

Staff View

Grouped Work ID:
34a76e58-8994-32ae-a996-1997931cfdb6
Go To Grouped Work

QR Code

Record Information

Last Sierra Extract TimeNov 19, 2024 01:56:01 PM
Last File Modification TimeNov 19, 2024 01:56:16 PM
Last Grouped Work Modification TimeNov 21, 2024 09:55:10 PM

MARC Record

LEADER12866cam a2201777I 4500
0011235819183
003OCoLC
00520210624122153.0
008210116s2021    nyu    e      000 1 eng d
010 |a 2021932764
019 |a 1246300805 |a 1246781225 |a 1247654517 |a 1248724407 |a 1248963152 |a 1250020266 |a 1250033417 |a 1250093002 |a 1250267336 |a 1250480600 |a 1252034963 |a 1252906952 |a 1253256498 |a 1253445064 |a 1257081843
020 |a 9780316499347
020 |a 031649934X
035 |a (OCoLC)1235819183 |z (OCoLC)1246300805 |z (OCoLC)1246781225 |z (OCoLC)1247654517 |z (OCoLC)1248724407 |z (OCoLC)1248963152 |z (OCoLC)1250020266 |z (OCoLC)1250033417 |z (OCoLC)1250093002 |z (OCoLC)1250267336 |z (OCoLC)1250480600 |z (OCoLC)1252034963 |z (OCoLC)1252906952 |z (OCoLC)1253256498 |z (OCoLC)1253445064 |z (OCoLC)1257081843
037 |b Little Brown & Co, 53 State st 9th Fl, Boston, MA, USA, 02109, (617)2270730 |n SAN 200-2205
040 |a KYC |b eng |c KYC |d AZZPT |d OCLCO |d LJW |d JAS |d TH8 |d CMI |d NLN |d SVP |d TCH |d ILC |d OCLCO |d OCLCF |d YU6 |d OCLCO |d TXSCH |d KLG |d MQW |d INR |d DEERP |d OCLCO |d E3V
043 |a n-us-ca
049 |a E3VA
0504 |a PS3566.A822 |b A61938 2021
08204 |a 813 |2 23
1001 |a Patterson, James, |d 1947- |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n78086409 |e author.
24510 |a 21st birthday / |c James Patterson and Maxine Paetro.
2463 |a Twenty-first birthday
250 |a First edition.
2641 |a New York : |b Little, Brown and Company, |c 2021.
2644 |c ©2021
300 |a 408 pages ; |c 25 cm.
336 |a text |b txt |2 rdacontent
337 |a unmediated |b n |2 rdamedia
338 |a volume |b nc |2 rdacarrier
4901 |a The Women's Murder Club ; |v 21
500 |a Sequel to: The 20th victim.
520 |a SFPD Sergeant Lindsay Boxer has sworn to defend against all enemies, foreign and domestic. As Lindsay prepares to celebrate her own daughter's birthday, she clashes with rising Chief Charlie Clapper over a family case. When a distraught mother pleads with Chronicle reporter Cindy Thomas to investigate the disappearance of her daughter, Tara, and baby granddaughter, Lorrie, Cindy immediately loops in SFPD. But Tara's schoolteacher husband, Lucas Burke, tells a conflicting story that paints Tara as a wayward wife, not a missing person. And there's reason to believe he may be telling the truth. While M.E. Claire Washburn harbors theories that run counter to the police investigation of the Burke case, ADA Yuki Castellano sizes Lucas up as a textbook domestic offender -- until he puts forward a theory of his own that unexpectedly connects the dots on a constellation of copycat killings. If what Lucas tells law enforcement has even a grain of truth, there isn't a woman in the state of California who's safe from the reach of such an unspeakable threat.
60010 |a Boxer, Lindsay |c (Fictitious character) |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nb2017017783 |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99001562
60017 |a Boxer, Lindsay |c (Fictitious character) |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst02001335
6500 |a Women's Murder Club (Imaginary organization) |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2005003747 |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh99001562
6500 |a Serial murder investigation |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010112687
6500 |a Female friendship |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008103512
6500 |a Police |z California |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010106754
6500 |a Policewomen |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008108894
6500 |a Women detectives |z California |z San Francisco |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010118854
6501 |a Police |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/childrensSubjects/sj2021051579 |z California |z San Francisco |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/childrensSubjects/n79018452-781 |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/childrensSubjects/sj2020050019
6501 |a Women |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/childrensSubjects/sj96006385 |x Crimes against |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/childrensSubjects/sh99005432 |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/childrensSubjects/sj2020050019
6507 |a FICTION / Thrillers / Crime. |2 bisacsh
6507 |a FICTION / Thrillers / Suspense. |2 bisacsh
6507 |a Female friendship. |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst00922609
6507 |a Police. |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst01068398
6507 |a Policewomen. |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst01068789
6507 |a Serial murder investigation. |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst01113109
6507 |a Women detectives. |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst01177563
6507 |a Women's Murder Club (Imaginary organization) |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst01737649
6500 |a Women detectives |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008113424
6500 |a Police |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008109488
6500 |a Reporters and reporting |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008110713
6500 |a Family violence |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008103553
6500 |a Missing persons |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008107165
6500 |a Women |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010118138
6500 |a Murderers |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008107220
6510 |a San Francisco (Calif.) |v Fiction. |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2008111424
6517 |a California. |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst01204928
6517 |a California |z San Francisco. |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst01204481
6557 |a Thrillers (Fiction) |2 lcgft |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026571
6557 |a Detective and mystery fiction. |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst01726581
6557 |a Fiction. |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst01423787
6557 |a Detective and mystery fiction. |2 lcgft |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026280
6557 |a Thrillers (Fiction) |2 fast |0 (OCoLC)fst01726755
7001 |a Paetro, Maxine, |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79046933 |e author.
8001 |a Patterson, James, |d 1947- |t Women's murder club ; |0 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nr2005012813 |v 21.
907 |a .b62032045
948 |a MARCIVE Overnight, in 2023.02
948 |a MARCIVE Comp, 09/2021
948 |a MARCIVE Over, 07/2021
948 |a MARCIVE Over, 06/2021
948 |a MARCIVE Over, 05/2021
989 |1 .i137380392 |b 1240052070910 |d ssbfi |g - |m  |h 23 |x 4 |t 1 |i 5 |j 4 |k 210427 |n 03-14-2024 15:33 |o - |a FIC PATTERSON
989 |1 .i137594513 |b 190801710186 |d ailmc |g - |m  |h 0 |x 0 |t 0 |i 0 |j 333 |k 210501 |o - |s ORDR |a Patterson, J.
989 |1 .i137633075 |b 1110011994247 |d mrlaf |g - |m  |h 22 |x 1 |t 1 |i 4 |j 300 |k 210505 |n 06-01-2024 21:43 |o - |a Pat
989 |1 .i137642489 |b 39948002711450 |d grgaf |g - |m  |h 13 |x 1 |t 0 |i 0 |j 4 |k 210506 |n 09-05-2023 15:59 |o - |a FIC PAT WOM # 21
989 |1 .i137643421 |b 39948003276669 |d grkaf |g - |m  |h 8 |x 1 |t 1 |i 0 |j 4 |k 210506 |n 05-30-2024 02:19 |o - |a FIC PAT
989 |1 .i137676827 |b 1220006772791 |d gcsfi |g - |m  |h 5 |x 1 |t 1 |i 2 |j 38 |k 210511 |n 10-17-2024 21:06 |o - |a FIC PAT TWE
989 |1 .i137676918 |b 1220006772577 |d gcnfi |g - |m  |h 9 |x 0 |t 0 |i 2 |j 38 |k 210511 |n 09-23-2022 21:32 |o - |a FIC PAT TWE
989 |1 .i137677017 |b 1220006772684 |d gcgfi |g - |m  |h 14 |x 1 |t 1 |i 1 |j 38 |k 210511 |n 01-15-2024 20:26 |o - |a FIC PAT TWE
989 |1 .i137679440 |b 3482600230004 |d srf |g - |m  |h 13 |x 2 |t 0 |i 2 |j 18 |k 210511 |n 09-16-2023 19:38 |o - |a FIC PAT
989 |1 .i137680600 |b 1230003482886 |d tlwf |g - |m  |h 12 |x 3 |t 1 |i 1 |j 4 |k 210511 |n 01-19-2024 19:11 |o - |a FIC PATTERSON
989 |1 .i137687722 |b 31813006336019 |d befic |g - |m  |h 23 |x 2 |t 3 |i 7 |j 300 |k 210512 |n 08-12-2024 18:16 |o - |a FICTION PATTERSO
989 |1 .i137687734 |b 31813006336001 |d befic |g l |m  |h 19 |x 3 |t 0 |i 7 |j 300 |k 210512 |n 09-16-2023 18:43 |o - |a FICTION PATTERSO
989 |1 .i137705268 |b 1160002965370 |d vlfic |g - |m  |h 5 |x 0 |t 1 |i 0 |j 38 |k 210514 |n 08-30-2024 16:39 |o - |a FIC PAT
989 |1 .i137710173 |b 32104000125549 |d praf |g - |m  |h 21 |x 3 |t 2 |i 5 |j 2 |k 210515 |n 11-19-2024 20:50 |o - |a F Patterson
989 |1 .i137710665 |b 3120210003796Y |d bvabf |g - |m  |h 13 |x 2 |t 1 |i 1 |j 2 |k 210515 |n 11-12-2024 20:49 |o - |a FIC Pat
989 |1 .i137717489 |b 1440003019287 |d bafi |g - |m  |h 15 |x 1 |t 2 |i 0 |j 38 |k 210517 |n 07-17-2024 19:15 |o - |a F PAT
989 |1 .i137753202 |b 1090010767421 |d mpmf |g - |m  |h 42 |x 9 |t 4 |i 15 |j 4 |k 210520 |n 10-25-2024 23:06 |o - |a Mystery PATTERSO James
989 |1 .i137753214 |b 1090010767430 |d mpca |g n |m 240424 |h 29 |x 4 |t 1 |i 10 |j 4 |k 210520 |n 07-10-2023 15:36 |o - |a Mystery PATTERSO James
989 |1 .i137753226 |b 1090010767449 |d mpfa |g - |m  |h 20 |x 2 |t 1 |i 9 |j 4 |k 210520 |n 04-10-2024 17:42 |o - |a Mystery PATTERSO James
989 |1 .i137753238 |b 1090010767396 |d mpoa |g - |m  |h 25 |x 3 |t 3 |i 8 |j 4 |k 210520 |n 07-25-2024 22:08 |o - |a Mystery PATTERSO James
989 |1 .i13775324x |b 1090010767403 |d mppa |g - |m  |h 8 |x 0 |t 1 |i 4 |j 4 |k 210520 |n 07-03-2024 17:33 |o - |a Mystery PATTERSO James
989 |1 .i137753251 |b 1090010767412 |d mpba |g - |m  |h 6 |x 1 |t 1 |i 2 |j 4 |k 210520 |n 06-21-2024 17:40 |o - |a Mystery PATTERSO James
989 |1 .i137770704 |b 3325302129232 |d ddafc |g - |m  |h 14 |x 1 |t 2 |i 4 |j 300 |k 210521 |n 11-12-2024 17:52 |o - |a F PATTERSON
989 |1 .i13777073x |b 3325302129240 |d dcafc |g - |m  |h 13 |x 1 |t 2 |i 4 |j 300 |k 210521 |n 04-30-2024 15:49 |o - |a F PATTERSON
989 |1 .i137770777 |b 3325302129257 |d dpafc |g - |m  |h 5 |x 0 |t 1 |i 1 |j 300 |k 210521 |n 05-22-2024 18:39 |o - |a F PATTERSON
989 |1 .i137770789 |b 3325302129265 |d drafc |g - |m  |h 5 |x 0 |t 0 |i 0 |j 300 |k 210521 |n 09-14-2021 15:48 |o - |a F PATTERSON
989 |1 .i13778059x |b 1130003942483 |d pc |g - |m  |h 6 |x 0 |t 0 |i 1 |j 2 |k 210525 |n 11-30-2022 17:03 |o - |a FICTION P3174wm 21
989 |1 .i138127979 |b 1270001632595 |d gucfi |g - |m  |h 12 |x 3 |t 1 |i 7 |j 300 |k 210602 |n 04-08-2024 23:33 |o - |a Patterson
989 |1 .i138199760 |b 1200002507331 |d subf |g - |m 241203 |h 16 |x 2 |t 3 |i 4 |j 4 |k 210609 |n 10-31-2024 20:18 |o - |a PAT
989 |1 .i138199772 |b 1200002507340 |d suff |g - |m  |h 8 |x 2 |t 2 |i 1 |j 4 |k 210609 |n 07-03-2024 18:41 |o - |a PAT
989 |1 .i138199784 |b 1200002507359 |d susf |g - |m  |h 13 |x 0 |t 1 |i 5 |j 4 |k 210609 |n 07-06-2024 14:40 |o - |a PAT
989 |1 .i138316351 |b 1060007428736 |d eva |g - |m  |h 9 |x 1 |t 1 |i 6 |j 38 |k 210624 |n 09-18-2024 19:21 |o - |a FIC PAT
989 |1 .i138316363 |b 1060007428488 |d eve |g - |m  |h 13 |x 1 |t 6 |i 3 |j 38 |k 210624 |n 10-04-2024 18:06 |o - |a FIC PAT
989 |1 .i138316375 |b 1060007428727 |d evg |g - |m  |h 6 |x 1 |t 0 |i 1 |j 38 |k 210624 |n 04-13-2023 00:45 |o - |a FIC PAT
989 |1 .i139398065 |b 1270001755550 |d gugfi |g - |m  |h 21 |x 5 |t 2 |i 1 |j 300 |k 210712 |n 08-19-2024 18:09 |o - |a Patterson
989 |1 .i140157323 |b 1110004895979 |d mrnaf |g - |m  |h 2 |x 0 |t 1 |i 0 |j 300 |k 210927 |n 02-09-2024 18:45 |o - |a Pat
994 |a C0 |b E3V
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.ltiac in 2023.02
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.ltiac in 2021.09
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.ltiac in 2021.07
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.b in 2021.06
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.ltiac in 2021.06
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.b in 2021.05
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.b in 2021.05
995 |a Loaded with Marquis via m2btab.ing by Telluride on 2021.05.11
995 |a Loaded with Marquis via m2btab.ing by garco on 2021.05.11
995 |a Loaded with Marquis via m2btab.ing by garco on 2021.05.11
995 |a Loaded with Marquis via m2btab.ing by garco on 2021.05.11
995 |a Loaded with Marquis via m2btab.ing by garco on 2021.05.11
995 |a Loaded with Marquis via m2btab.ing by garco on 2021.05.11
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.ltiac in 2021.05
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.b in 2021.04
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.acq2 2020.12
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.01
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.01
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.01
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.01
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.01
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.acq2 in 2021.02
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.acq2 in 2021.02
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.02
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.02
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.02
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.02
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.02
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.03
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.acq2 in 2021.03
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.ven in 2021.03
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.04
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.migrate in 2021.04
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.msc in 2021.05
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.ven in 2021.05
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.acq2 in 2021.05
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.05
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.click in 2021.05
995 |a Loaded with m2btab.ven in 2021.06
998 |e - |f eng |a ai |a ba |a be |a bv |a d |a ep |a ev |a eva |a eve |a evg |a gc |a gcc |a gcg |a gcn |a gcr |a gcs |a gr |a grg |a grk |a gu |a guc |a gug |a mr |a mp |a mpb |a mpc |a mpf |a mpm |a mpo |a mpp |a pc |a pr |a sr |a ss |a ssb |a su |a sub |a suf |a sus |a tl |a tlw |a vl